LP6- Juvenile Justice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

LP6- Juvenile Justice - Assignment Example However, some adverse effects may vary depending on the quantity consumed, the rate of body metabolism, and individual mood. Some of the most commonly abused drugs include marijuana, cocaine, heroin and alcohol (Bruce and Tracey 2-6). Marijuana is dry shredded leaves ranging from brown to green mixture of flowers stem and leaves of a plant termed as cannabis sativa. This type of drug in its resinous form is called hashish. Marijuana contains a chemical component known as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), this chemical subjects the body it into euphoric state (feeling high). According to center of diseases and control (CDC), marijuana contains over 70% cancer causing substances compared to cigarettes and persistence use often lead to inflammation on the respiratory system. Several studies have also indicated that this drug causes abnormalities of the brain giving a leeway to diseases such as psychosis. In male, marijuana changes the structure of the formation of sperm cell and this may lead to infertility and it interferes with the menstrual cycle in women. The drug also causes abnormal cell division leading to premature births and is one of the leading causes of leukemia amongst newborn children. In conclusion, cannabi s increases the rate of heartbeat, interferes with the physical coordination and causes dizziness (Diane and Samantha 100). Cocaine falls amongst the addictive stimulant drugs generated from a coca plant mostly grown in South America. This drug in its processed form is known as crack. Cocaine drug is inhaled through the nostril or can be directly injected into the blood stream in form of solution. This drug increases the rate of heartbeat, nausea and enhances abnormal breathing patterns (Diane and Samantha 100). Even though cocaine is mainly associated with short term effects, its abusers often suffer from damaged nose cartilage thus leading to paranoia and abnormal breathing

Marketing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing strategy - Essay Example Pizza Hut follows this strategy: Starting its operations from Kansas, USA and gradually becoming the largest local fast food leaders they entered in Canadian market by opening it first international franchise. Now, Pizza Hut holds the largest number of its pizza chains around the world. To keep their customers knotted with the restaurant, Pizza Hut introduced a variety of different and refined products to satisfy the taste buds of their customers both at local and international level. Pizza Hut guarantees its customer best pizzas in town at competitive prices. Pizza Hut has targeted specifically those customers or the segment of the society those who like to eat out and has a taste for fast foods. Marketing Strategy of Pizza Hut is aimed to target people that fall in the age bracket of 18-55, love to eat out and never hesitate in experimenting something â€Å"new.† Looking at its international marketing strategy, Pizza Hut has entered the international market with touch of local taste mixed with its traditional recipes. Pizza Hut has positioned itself an international and local fast food leader. It offers variety of different fast food items on its menu. Pizza Hut has gained a strong hold in the local market as well. It is known for introducing new products in the market. Pizza Hut always has the advantage of introducing new products in the food industry therefore; Pizza Hut should focus on bringing something innovative in the market on the basis of their customers’ advices and

The idea of dance Essay Example for Free

The idea of dance Essay The idea of dance has always been interesting and a mystery to me. When I was younger, I used to participate in Indian dance performances for birthday parties, weddings and/or anniversaries. I was fairly decent and I remember that it gave me a sense of freedom. I loved to dance. It was a way of expressing my uniqueness. However, things changed, life moved on and the stress of it all hid those feelings for another lifetime. They remained hidden for the past four years here at UCR until now, my senior year. Now was the only time in my college career that I had time for anything other than major related, science-y courses. I was excited to take a class that didn’t involve four hour laboratory times or quizzes every week. I wanted to take a class that made me feel free. That’s when I remembered how dance made me feel when I was younger and Dance 005 seemed like the perfect fit. In the short time that I have been able to take this course, I have learned quite a lot about my body’s capabilities. Usually, when I do something physical, whether it be sports or working out at the gym, I push myself hard. With dance, I felt as if I needed to take my time, and let my gracefullness take the lead. I wanted to accomplish a different side of me. I wanted to allow myself to do something that I wasn’t necessarily used to. I felt as if my strengths were mainly the numbered combinations that we learned in class. I do well with order, direction and a planned out routine. However, on the other hand, when we would practice improvisation, I found harder to relax and â€Å"go with the flow.† I realized that I don’t work well with spontaneous, no rule moments. I still struggle with that part of the class and I believe it isn’t something that can be taken care of with one course. I also enrolled in a dance of Mexico course and I enjoy noticing t he differences between modern dance and cultural dance. Viewing the live performance by Paradigm put many things in perspective. My view on dance expanded with every dance performed that night. It was interesting to see the different outlooks on the idea of dance as a whole. It can be theatrical, comedic, sad, happy, etc. It all depends on how the emotions are absorbed by the audience as a result of the performers. Writing  the reflection paper on the performance helped me understand the real meaning of it all. It made me take the time to recall reactions and go into depth about how the idea of modern dance came about. Dance, to me, meant structure but walking out of the theater that night shook that assumption to its core. I learned that the modern dance movement based works upon experience, using their bodies to express emotions using many gestures. It seemed like each dance was a type of impulse control. Each performer was allowed to express any feeling that came to them within boundaries. And the boundaries were what made up the sho w and made it enjoyable for the audience. One idea of dance that stuck with me was when we performed our pathway dances. I think that was also my favorite part of this class so far. I enjoyed watching each dance with and without music. The music made each dance come alive in some way. I also liked the fact that the musician matched the dance with a separate tone that allowed for comedic relief during what could have possibly been a boring, simple routine. The way he described music adding to dance as a sort of parallel was also quite interesting. I don’t think I have ever heard music and art spoken in that way. This class gives an insight into a different, calmer than my usual workload, form of expression. Another idea of dance that I can take away from this course is whenever we added pedestrian movements into our dances. I loved that we could incorporate anything and everything we do in life to dance. For instance, I just recently started going to the cardio kickboxing class at the rec center. And I remember I added some of the moves I learned from that class into this class by adding a little flare and art value to them. It just goes to show that anything can be art by tweaking something just a smidge. I thoroughly enjoyed taking this class. To be brief, it was entertaining, interesting, and I can actually say I know something about the art of dance and not just how to dance. I think it’s important to have knowledge about everything in this world. No need to be an expert on the matter but a little taste of different culture never hurt anyone. And I believe that this class gives a small slice of a worldwide tradition of dance.

Case study of alzheimers disease

Case study of alzheimers disease My first administrative position in mental health was working on a Geriatric Psychiatric unit of the local hospital. Many of the patients were elderly patients with Alzheimers. This was my first experience with Alzheimers disease and the effects it has on their families. Alzheimers is the most common type of dementia and is incurable, degenerative, and terminal (Wikipedia) . Symptoms of Alzheimers begin slowly and become worse until they interfere with daily life and patients are unable to even carry on conversations. Families become caregivers for their loved ones who dont know who they are any more. The prognosis is not good for patients afflicted with this type of dementia but researchers continue to look for new treatments and possible preventions. A few of the Alzheimers patients I worked with on the Geriatric unit are very memorable. There was a gentleman who was in the moderate to severe stage of the disease. His job for most of his life was that of a hospital administrator. M y office door was always open and some patients would wonder in time and again. My office must have triggered something in him because he would come in and need to sign papers. He would sit in my office for hours and sign papers. Another patient was a woman who had 12 children. She was always wondering the unit looking for her babies. The nurses bought her a baby doll and she carried it everywhere and it also calmed her down. Another aspect of Alzheimers is sundowners syndrome. Many of the Alzheimers patients would start to get agitated between 4:00 and 5:00 p.m. They would become more aggressive, oppositional and agitated. Sundowners syndrome is an increased time of memory loss, confusion, agitation, and even anger. For family members who care for Alzheimers patients, witnessing an increase in their loved ones symptoms of dementia at sunset can be nothing short of troubling, if not also painful, frightening, and exhausting (Sundowners Syndrome). Alzheimers is not a new disease. Alz heimers was first described by German psychiatrist and neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer in 1906. In 1901, Alzheimer observed a patient at the Frankfurt Asylum named Mrs. Auguste Deter. The 51-year-old patient had strange behavioral symptoms, including a loss of short-term memory. This patient would become his obsession over the coming years. In April 1906, Mrs. Deter died and Alzheimer had the patient records and the brain brought to Munich where he was working at Kraepelins lab. Together with two Italian physicians, he would use the staining techniques to identify amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (Wikipedia). Amyloid plagues are extracellular deposits that consist of a dense core of a protein known as B-amyloid, surrounded by degenerating axons and dendrites, along with activated microglia and reactive astrocytes, cells that are involved in destruction of damaged cells. Neurofibrillary tangles consist of dying neurons that contain intracellular accumulations of twisted f ilaments of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (Carlson, 2008). These abnormal structures are also found in brains of patients with Down syndrome. Unlike Down syndrome, Alzheimers is a progressive degenerative disease that gradually destroys a persons memory and daily functioning. Currently Alzheimers is diagnosed by symptoms, and only confirmed by brain examination after death. There are warning sides of Alzheimers disease that include memory loss that disrupts daily life. Challenges in planning or solving problems when there were no problems before. Difficulty completing familiar tasks or leisure activities they a person used to do. Confusion with time and place, which is what most people know about Alzheimers. This is when family members forget where they are going or days of activities. Trouble understanding visual images and spatial relationships or new problems with words speaking or writing. Misplacing things and the inability to retrace steps. Decreased or poor judgment and wit hdrawal from work and social activities. Changes in mood and personality, which is another warning sign that most people are also familiar with from media, etc. Grandma turns from sweet to irritable (Stages and Warning Signs of Alzheimers). The Alzheimers Association is a strong national organization that supports and funds Alzheimers research. Their website has a vast amount of information on symptoms, treatment, prevention and research of this disease. Taken from their website there are seven stages of Alzheimers. They include: Stage 1 where there is no impairment. Stage 2 there is very mild decline. Stage three there is mild decline. Stage four there is moderate decline. Stage five there is moderately severe decline and stage six and stage seven there is severe decline and very severe decline (Stages and Warning Signs of Alzheimers). The current major treatment for Alzheimers is medication management and each stage of Alzheimers requires a different medication. Mild to moderate A lzheimers is treated with cholinesterase inhibitors. These types of medications are prescribed because they may help delay or prevent the symptoms from becoming worse for a time and also help manage behaviors. The medications include: Razadyne (galantamine), Exelon (rivastigmine), and Aricept (donepezil). Another drug, Cognex (tacrine), was the first approved cholinesterase inhibitor but is rarely prescribed today due to safety concerns (Alzheimers Disease Medications Fact Sheet, 2010). Most people have heard of Aricept because is used often and advertised on the media more so than others. Moderate to severe Alzheimers is treated with a drug that regulates glutamate, an important brain chemical. The medication known as Namenda (memantine), an N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist. Aricept has also been approved by the FDA to treat moderate to severe Alzheimers. These drugs main effect is to delay progression of some of the symptoms and they may allow patients to maintain certain da ily functions a little longer than they would without the medication. The medication may help a patient in the later stages of the disease maintain his or her ability to use the bathroom independently for several more months, a benefit for both patients and caregivers (Alzheimers Disease Medications Fact Sheet, 2010). There is research going on to provide diagnosis by a simple blood test, this was reported by American researchers just last month. Also, other researchers have shown spinal fluid tests, which require a spinal tap, can detect early changes that signal the onset of Alzheimers. Imaging companies such as privately held Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, General Electrics GE Healthcare and Germanys Bayer are racing to finish clinical trials on new agents that can make brain lesions called plaques visible on positron emission tomography or PET scanners (Anonymous, 2010). Researchers also are looking at any possible prevention or slow down of the disease. Currently at Rush University is leading a nationwide clinical trial of a nutritional drink to determine whether it can improve cognitive performance in people with mild to moderate Alzheimers. The study follows recently released results from an earlier trial conducted in Europe showing that the drink, called Souvenaid, improved verbal recall in people with mild disease who were followed for three months (Anonymous., 2010). Alzheimers affects approximately 10 percent of the population above the age of 65 and almost 50 percent of people over the age of 85 years (Carlson, 2008). The number of Americans age 65 and older who have this condition will increase from the 5.1 million today to 13.5 million by mid-century. A recent report from the Alzheimers Association states that the cost of Alzheimers to the United States will be $20 trillion over the next 40 years. Changing the Trajectory of Alzheimers Disease: A National Imperative shows that in the absence of disease-modifying treatments, the cumulative costs of car e for people with Alzheimers from 2010 to 2050 will exceed $20 trillion, in todays dollars (Report: Alzheimers disease to cost United States $20 trillion over next 40 years, 2010). Statistics taken from the Alzheimers Association break it down as follows; Alzheimers disease costs business $24.6 billion in health care. In the US 7 out of 10 people with Alzheimers live at home where 75% of costs are absorbed by the family. The remaining 25% of care costs cost an average $19,000 a year. It is estimated that Alzheimers caregivers cost business $36.5 billion. This includes the costs of absenteeism and lost productivity. The average cost of a nursing home in the US is $42,000 a year. However in some areas those costs can be at least $70,000. Medicare costs for beneficiaries with Alzheimers disease were $91 billion in 2005. Medicare costs are expected to increase by 75% to $160 billion in 2010. Medicaid expenditures on residential dementia care were $21 billion in 2005. These costs are est imated to rise by 14% to $24 billion in 2010( (Kennard, 2010). The stress of caregivers for loved ones with Alzheimers is high. The frustration and challenges of caring for an adult who no longer complies with reasonable requests is a daily consequence of a loved one with Alzheimers. There are many support groups and resources for caregivers. Some tips for managing an Alzheimers patient is to have patience, be flexible, reduce frustration, reduce choices, reduce distractions to create a safe environment (Research, 1998-2010). Patience and flexibility are easy to figure out. Patience because a patient with Alzheimers will be oppositional at times, will not know their caregiver at times as well as not remember family members. The Alzheimer patients mood and reactions to daily tasks will change sometimes daily as the disease progresses. Flexibility with caring for Alzheimers patients is tied into their changing needs and abilities from day to day. Reducing frustration, choices and dist ractions would be like raising a toddler. Not too many choices or distractions for them to be overwhelmed with. A safe environment is pretty clear and we hear about Alzheimers patients wandering off reported on the news more often. Alzheimers patients who have been left in an unsecured house or got into a unlocked car. Doors should always be locked so the Alzheimers patient is unable open or figure out how to open. The car is easy to figure out, keep it locked! Take the car keys are keep them on you or hidden. There was a poem on the Geriatric unit wall where I worked. The author is unknown and it is taken from Coach Frank Broyles Playbook for Alzheimers Caregivers. The poem is a good reminder of what Alzheimers is all about and a good conclusion to this report. Do not ask me to remember. Dont try to make me understand. Let me rest and know youre with me. Kiss my cheek and hold my hand. Im confused beyond your concept. I am sad and sick and lost. All I know is that I need you, to be with me at all cost. Do not lose your patience with me. Do not scold or curse or cry. I cant help the way Im acting, cant be different though I try. Just remember that I need you, that the best of me is gone. Please dont fail to stand beside me, love me till my life is done.

Clays and Pottery Essay -- Art Molding Papers

Clays and Pottery Ceramicists, working either on a wheel or building by hand, define three main classes of clay bodies or mixtures: earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain. These are divided on the basis of firing temperatures and the character (hardness, vitrification and durability) of the final material. Each clay body is composed of a mixture of clay minerals and other materials such as sand or fine gravel and "fluxing" agents which affect the color and texture when fired. Instead of discussing clays solely in terms of their chemical formulae, determined by x-ray diffraction, potters group clays into classes based on more general properties of the entire clay body, such as texture and color. One distinction potters make is between primary or residual clays, and secondary or sedimentary clays. Kaolin is the major primary clay which is used in ceramics. The use of the name "kaolin" for a clay body encompasses more than a body composed of pure kaolinite crystals, however, according to Rhodes, the composition of kaolin clays generally fall with in the bounds of kaolinite's composition: 46%silica, 39% alumina, 13% water (Rhodes p. 47). Kaolinite has the most basic 1:1 tetrahedral-octahedral clay structure, and maintains a simple and pure composition. So when kaolin is fired along with some silica and feldspar, it forms a highly refractory white solid. As the main ingredient in porcelain, Kaolin comprises, on average, about 50% of a porcelain mixture. Kaolin is not very plastic and thus presents a challenge to the potter in its pure state; however, some Kaolins are of sedimentary origin (such as those sifted from sands in Florida) and therefore have a smaller particle size which increases the plasticity. Generally though, kaoli... ...In dark colored ball clays containing highly expandible minerals, the increased amount of water in the system coming from the interlayer sites can lower the melting point. In addition, the pre-fired color of a clay body may be quite different from the fired color due to the fact that organic material often colors a wet clay, yet burns away during firing without leaving a stain. BIBLIOGRAPHY Chappell, James. The Potter's Complete Book of Clay and Glazes. New York: Watson-Guptill, 1977. Conrad, John, W. Contemporary Ceramic Formulas. New York: Macmillan, 1980. Rhodes, Daniel. Stoneware and Porcelain: The Art of High-Fired Pottery. New York: Chilton Company, 1959. Velde, Bruce (editor). Origin and Mineralogy of Clays: Clays and the Environment. New York: Springer, 1995. Velde, Bruce. Introduction to Clay Minerals. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1992.

Violence on Film Essay -- Film Review, Hollywood, Gunfigther

The Western stands as one of the great genres of Hollywood cinema, as it possesses the ability to transcend both time and subject matter. Accordingly, the types of themes which this genres addresses, such as romanticism, and American heroism, can still be seen as viable commodities within modern-day storytelling. However, while The Western has focused on various topics throughout its cinematic history, what ultimately serves as the primary critique of the genre, is the exploration of role of violence and aggression within society (Lusted 16). Furthermore, at the source of this examination is the â€Å"Gunfighter† Western, which centers the focus of the genre to a more individualized and intimate perspective. Accordingly, films such as Henry King’s The Gunfighter (1950) and David Cronanberg’s A History Of Violence (2004) can be observed as examples of this focus. However, while both King and Cronenberg successfully explore the concepts of violence and aggression within their time periods, when examined in terms of their overall effectiveness in exploring the necessity, and ambiguity of these themes, Cronenberg’s willingness to explore the possibility of redemption, is what ultimately makes A History of Violence a more effective and provocative film. As Lusted notes, the Gunfighter Western was one of the first of the genre to be interested â€Å"in the process of change† (Lusted 210). Instead of focusing on such themes as the collective effort of westward expansion, like many of John Ford’s Westerns (Schatz 70-71), the Gunfighter â€Å"turns the genre and its hero inside out,† (Schatz 71) and takes a more introspective look at how violence can be found at the core of social order. To do this, the focus shifts away from films that play on the ... ...oral world. Instead, by allowing the character to live, Cronenberg not only suggests that there’s moral grounding within the use of violence, particularly in terms of its supposed protection towards the progression of society, but also provokes the question,â€Å"just who are we rooting for in this film?† (Beaty 87). Not only does the film force the audience to think about the effects of violence, but questions whether we as an audience, like Tom’s family, can accept violence as an ambiguous method of social order. Ultimately, it’s because of this complex, evocative nature, and the fact that the film questions not only the morality of the characters, but the audience itself, instead of enforcing morality on its audience like in The Gunfighter, that the film succeeds in demonstrating the full specter of violence and aggression, both on screen and in society.

Racing Neighbors Cause Crashing Communities Essay

Many neighborhoods face serious community problems because of certain factors and they have a certain effect on the people living in the communities. I live around a community where there are a lot of car street races which happen on a regular basis and it creates major chaos over the weekends. Seems like it is not a major issue, however, these street races cause major trouble to all the neighbors as it creates noise, causes accidents, creates trouble for all the stores around, for people travelling at night and so on. Every weekend, a specific parking lot in the town of Farmingdale is filled with Hot Rods, college students, high school students and even adults, not to mention, cops too. This is a huge parking lot outside a mall which has plenty of room for cars and is connected to a highway-route 110. It is the main attraction for guys and girls with hot rods. I heard a lot of stories about this location and about the races taking place there every weekend so I decided to take a look for myself before I could believe any of this. One night, I made a trip to this famous parking lot! At first, when I got to the parking lot, all I saw was a few random cars parked with some guys standing around them and talking to each other in groups. I parked my car there and stopped to watch what happens. I was extremely curious because I had only heard of these kind of scenes in movies and never thought it would be the reality. A little after 11pm, a group of cars came into the parking lot with extremely loud exhaust pipes and loud music. As they revved up the engines my adrenaline started pumping. I could not believe what my eyes saw. A large number of cars drove in and parked there. There were people of all different age groups coming in from high school students, to college students and even elderly men around the age of forty who wanted to show off their hot rods. Soon after, some drivers including female drives took their cars out into the driveway and started drifting and performing rolling burnouts to get the crowd excited. I stepped out of my car and stood there to watc h. These people were enjoying themselves with loud music, alcohol, dancing with girls and screaming and shouting. I was shocked when a few high school kids approached me to ask me  about my car because these kids were 9th graders who had sneaked out of their houses at midnight with their parents cars for these races. After around half an hour, a group of cars revved up their engines and started moving towards route 110 so I decided to follow. Once we got onto route 110 they start driving like crazy people over speeding and cutting lanes and eventually turned onto a street off route 110. This lane was completely isolated and there were barely any cars parked there so they lined up their cars there and made a roadblock at the two ends of the lane and started having drag races which made a lot of sound and obviously called in for cops. This is where the major problems from these races start. Once the cops come in, chaos occurs. These guys get into their cars and started racing off from these race sites in all different directions to avoid getting caught. They go onto the main roads and over speed causing accidents not only for themselves but even other innocent people. They also disturb so many people’s sleep at night with all the noise they create. They get into accidents, get caught and pay fines, cause trouble to other drivers on the road and so on. This is a major community problem as it attracts a lot of students in the community from not only colleges but also high schools. These kids have illegal modifications on their cars which adds to money in the black market. It also encourages many others to join this racing league which leads to accidents and deaths. There is a lot of illegal betting and gambling, underage drinking, over speeding and many such laws broken which cause serious community problems every weekend and according to me this should be checked and stopped as soon as possible!

American experience

The ancient Greeks were the first to introduce philosophical thought to mankind. When one thinks of Greek philosophy, three individuals come into mind – Socrates, Plato and Aristotle in this order. Plato was Socrates’ protege and Aristotle that of Plato. These men not only enlightened men with their brilliance but also helped provide moral guidance to society for this was the role of philosophers whose wisdom was valued and sought for from the lowliest citizen to that of kings. This was all but forgotten during the time of the Romans and the Middle Ages.The Renaissance saw the return of classical Greco-Roman culture in most respects but it fell short when it came to philosophical thought especially in the purview of politics. It was here that a new political thought emerged courtesy of Niccolo Machiavelli. Through his work, The Prince, Machiavelli did not only provide a theoretical framework for his patron, but would also be employed by future leaders who found his idea s not only practical, but very useful in helping them achieve their goals. The Renaissance period was the result of the Humanist movement that emerged during the waning years of the Middle Ages.Prior to this, secular political philosophy was already existing during the Holy Roman Empire but the extent of its influence was rather limited because the academic field was wholly influenced by Christian scholasticism. The Humanist movement picked up momentum as it brought back classical ideas to supplant scholasticism. Those who held on to Christian values saw the Renaissance as the â€Å"return to paganism† which was not only evident in the art but in philosophy as well and Machiavelli was the one who stood out during this period with virtually no peer.Machiavelli was born in a tumultuous era of the Renaissance. This was the time the Popes, heads of the Catholic Church were influential enough to raise their own armies and waged war; wealthy Italian city-states, though enjoying rel ative autonomy from the prosperity they enjoyed were susceptible to attack and conquest by foreign powers such as Spain, France and even the Holy Roman Empire and this was further made complicated and to an extent convoluted with series of political-military alliances which continually changed as erstwhile allies and confederates changed sides on a whim and at any given time.Moving forward beyond Machiavelli’s lifetime, this was also a similar occurrence in later centuries, thereby validating Machiavelli’s observations and ideas. This period was also characterized by political instability and volatility as governments rise and fall even though it had barely been around after its installation. This was the world of Machiavelli. Ironically, he himself was its victim when he was part of the republican faction that saw the expulsion of the Medici family from power and was banished into exile by the same family when it was restored to power.It was during this time of exile that he wrote The Prince which he dedicated (ironically) to the Medicis, the very same people who banished him, as a way of currying their favor in ending his exile. The Prince emphasizes how a ruling prince, the title of the rulers of the city-states, can maintain control over all he governs. This is a rather tough balancing act as the prince needs to exercise control over the resources of the state in order to maintain it and at the same time meet the needs of his people.That requires the prince being someone above reproach almost to the point of being infallible, whilst privately acting amorally to meet the goals of the state. Machiavelli based these from his observations as a Florentine diplomat, and his study of ancient history, particularly the history of the Roman Republic. It can be inferred here that by the time Machiavelli wrote The Prince, the ideas embodied here are not exactly new but something he revived based on his studies.In this social and political milieu, Machiav elli observed the way people lived and had in mind a plan to â€Å"educate† or â€Å"enlighten† leaders how they should rule and even define their lifestyles if they wanted to stay in power longer. During his time, he noticed that most people were obliged to live virtuously as according to Aristotelian ethics. However, he dared to challenge this belief, saying that living virtuous lives does not necessarily lead to happiness. Machiavelli, in a sense of irony and apparently going against the norms, viewed misery as something useful which prince should capitalize on if they wish to rule longer.Machiavelli states boldly in The Prince, â€Å"The answer is, of course, that it would be best to be both loved and feared. But since the two rarely come together, anyone compelled to choose will find greater security in being feared than in being loved. As long as you serve their interests, they are devoted to you†¦Men are less nervous of offending someone who makes himself loveable, than someone who makes himself frightening†¦A ruler should make himself feared in such a way that if he does not inspire love, at least he does not provoke hatred. For it is perfectly possible to be feared and not hated.† (quoted from Morgan 510) From this statement alone, one might think Machiavelli was trying to corrupt minds and undermine the virtues being practiced during his time by entertaining such a thought. But if one would only take an empathic look, The Prince does not dismiss morality, entirely. It somehow redefines morality in more pragmatic terms which is characterized by what is considered â€Å"acceptable cruel action,† but it must be decisive, swift, effective, and short-lived. It can be further inferred that Machiavelli saw how ironic it is to yield good results by performing â€Å"evil† actions.However, one caveat here is that the â€Å"evil† Machiavelli used is not the same as †evil† in the Judaeo-Christian se nse of the word. For Machiavelli, cruelty should not be taken at face value or in absolute terms as had shown in one observation: â€Å"He (duke) put Mr. Remiro d’Orco, a man both cruel and efficient, in charge, and gave him absolute power. D’Orco in short order established peace and unity, and acquired immense authority. The duke decided such unchecked power was no longer necessary, for he feared the people might come to hate it. So he established a civil court, placing an excellent judge in charge of it.† (quoted in Morgan 493-494) What this means is that â€Å"evil† or in this case, cruelty should not be taken at face value for what it denotes. Rather, cruelty is defined as repressive actions taken by the state, more often than not manifested in the use of force to make things happen. But in so doing, the prince, or any ruler for that matter, is justified in his actions because it accomplishes a goal which in this case it to see to the preservation of the state and society as a whole, thus giving meaning to the Machiavellian adage, â€Å"the ends justify the means.† As a treatise, its primary intellectual contribution to the history of political thought is the realistic approach which sees how political realism clashes with political idealism and based on Machiavelli’s observations, the former prevails as the ideals based on classic Greek ideas of Plato and Aristotle tended to find no place in modern society where they used to emphasize the need for â€Å"enlightened† leadership or rule.Modern-day rulers do not have that luxury of being enlightened and they find Machiavelli’s ideas making more sense. It is only rather ironic and unfortunate that those who subscribed to these ideas are those Machiavelli would not want to – tyrants, despots and dictators. His idea of a leader using â€Å"acceptable cruel action† came from the dictators of the ancient Roman Republic. If there is something th is paper has proven, Machiavelli is not so bad after all.It would appear that most of his ideas were taken out of context and given the impression he encouraged rule by tyrants when he actually was not. It was only a matter of pragmatism and to an extent prudence though not in the same level as Platonic and Aritstotelian thought. Works Cited Morgan, Michael L. Classics of Moral and Political Theory 4th Edition. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, 1992.

Oil Refinering Using Linear Programming

INTRODUCTION My topic is oil refinering using linear programming, this is under petrochemical industries which mean it will deal more about chemicals, this is about optimising the cost using a modelling method in mathematics called linear programming. This is very important because it links what is done in petrochemical industries with mathematics.Since there is a huge need of the products that are produced after petroleum refinering which are petrol, gasoline, oil, diesel and etc so in the near future refiners and government will have to make decision to increase local refinering capacity or upgrade and expand the existing refineries(  (SAPIA) executive director  Avhapfani Tshifularo said so. Currently South Africa is unable to produce sufficient fuel so at forces it to import refined products. we can describe oil refinering as an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful products which are petroleum naphtha, gasoline diesel fuel etc. rud e oil that is processed can be defined as a natural occurring flammable liquid which consist of mixture of hydrocarbons of different molecular weight and other liquid organic compounds. In the oil refinering, different products are made and are said to be bases or components, which are alkalyte, platform ate, penexate and COD gasoline, these products are stored in tanks. These are the main products we have in refinering . the reason for blending the components is to minimise cost.Since the type of product that is needed by the market is RON 95 when blending or mixing these components an octane booster must also be included. This is called gasoline blending which can be described as a fuel that is derived from petroleum crude oil; it is also blended or mixed with different hydrocarbons which are estimated to be about 200. When blending the components we are trying to minimize the cost, because we take very expensive components which are alkylate and platform ate and mix with cheap co mponents like penoxate and COD gasoline.Linear programming is a reliable method in solving such problems; it is a very good technique in minimising the cost. When maximising the sale revenues we use linear model, 1 of the mathematical tool. We have to consider the availability of the components, their physical properties and the products needed by the market which is RON 95. The purpose of gasoline blending is to optimise the generation of valuable products such as gasoline wich I mentioned above and even to satisfy the demand for the market.

Political Philosophy and Brief Critical Evaluation Essay

Sample essay questions? 1. Describe Plato’s scheme for communism in the Republic. (Discuss each of the main features of this life-style. ) Which classes, according to Plato, should practice this way of living? What justification does Plato offer for advocating communism? Offer a brief critical evaluation of Plato’s communism. PHL 107 | study guide for exam 2 | page 4 2. (1) Briefly describe Plato’s allegory of the cave. (2) Then state how the allegory expresses Plato’s position on (a) the place of the Philosopher-Kings in Plato’s utopia, (b) Plato’s distinction between opinion and genuine knowledge (wisdom), and (c) Plato’s position on the motives of the Philosopher-Kings for ruling. 3. (1) What is Plato’s dualistic metaphysics? (2) How is this metaphysics expressed in the allegory of the cave? (3) How is it related to his position on the nature of the human person? 4. (1) What is Plato’s assessment of democracy, and (2) how is this linked to his theory of justice? (3) How might a contemporary defender of democracy respond to Plato? 5. What is the mimetic theory of art? Did Plato invent this theory? Did he accept it? How is this theory related to Plato’s criticisms of the arts? 6. (1) What two reasons does Plato give for proposing to banish the arts from his Republic? (2) How is his position on the arts related (a) to his Theory of Ideas and (b) his position on the highest goal of human living? (3) Offer a brief critical evaluation of Plato’s position on the arts. 7. (1) What does Rawls mean by â€Å"the original position . . . under the veil of ignorance† and how does this serve as the basis for his theory of justice? (2) What are his two principles of justice? Explain the two principles.? (3) Offer a brief critical evaluation of his theory of justice. 8. (1) Starting with Rawls’ â€Å"original position . . . under the veil of ignorance,† do you think you would arrive at a principle or principles of justice similar to those of Rawls, or if different ones, which? Defend your position. (2) As part of your answer give a clear statement of what Rawls means by the â€Å"original position . . . under the veil of ignorance. † 9. (1) What is Aquinas’s causal argument for the existence of God (the 2nd of his five arguments)? Sketch the argument. (2) Critically evaluate the argument. What appears to be the weakest part of the argument? Do you think the argument can be defended in the face of this proposed weakness? Explain. 10. (1) What is the design argument for the existence of God? You may present either Aquinas’s (his 5th) or William Paley’s or the fine-tuning version of the argument (but only one). (2) Why does Darwin’s theory of evolution appear to undermine Aquinas and Paley’s version of the design argument? Why does Darwin’s theory not affect the fine-tuning argument? (3) Do you think that there is some way of salvaging the design argument in the face of Darwin’s theory? Defend your position. 11. Describe Hobbes’ â€Å"state of nature. † What kind of a concept is this — historical, empirical, anthropological, analytic? Explain. Offer your own critical evaluation of Hobbes’ notion of the state of nature? Do you think it is a useful concept? Is it true? Defend your position. 12. Hobbes argues that each person has the resources within themselves to overcome the state of nature.? (1) What are these resources and how do they help the person to overcome the state of nature? (2) But why, for Hobbes, are these internal resources insufficient? Why is a very strong sovereign also needed to overcome the state of nature? (3) What role does contract or covenant play in overcoming the state of nature?

What are the logistical difficulties of the coalition action and what was the medias role Essays

What are the logistical difficulties of the coalition action and what was the medias role Essays What are the logistical difficulties of the coalition action and what was the medias role Essay What are the logistical difficulties of the coalition action and what was the medias role Essay On Wednesday the 19th of March 2003, America and England declared war on Iraq. They felt this to be necessary in order to stop Saddam Husseins Evil regime as he tells around 4 million people each year, they also thought war to be necessary in order to liberate the Iraqi people. Another reason they felt the need to proceed with this war because intelligence leads the politicians to believe that Saddam has chemical, biological and nuclear weapons of mass destruction which he uses to torture his own people. There are many more reasons for war, for example, Hussein is an evil dictator and has been treating his people badly for over 20 years and Iraqis have therefore been living in fear.Saddam also supports suicide bombers by paying their families large sums of money. Iraq has been committing war crimes for many years now while the world has tried to be tolerant. It is also important to remove Saddams power or end his reign before he attacks England, America, or any of the other countries in the United Nations in a form of revenge. U.S troops have found factories where the bombs were made including a chemical plant in the south of Baghdad. This war is also needed in order to make Iraq a democratic country so they can elect the own leader and make Iraqi people safe and stop Saddam from killing his own people, and using their money to pay for their torture and sometimes, their murder.However, many people disagree with the war and they show this by protesting. Most would say the reasons for not going to war greatly outweigh the reasons for war. Here are the majority of them. It would cost at least 19,000 pounds to make the necessary amount of bombs and this could be much more useful resources such as medical or educational equipment. Out of all U.S. military, over 51 have been killed and 14 are missing. Out of U.K. military, more than 12 troops are dead, and over 30 are missing. From Iraqi military, in excess of 1,500 have been killed , of the civilians the figures of prisoners of war that have been killed, injured or missing in action has risen to 5,898,000. Nearly 24,000 were killed or injured by daisy cutter bombs. So far there have been over 10,000 deaths each day. 9 news presenters have been killed, and two are missing. None of these deaths were necessary, they are the result of a war that most do not want, of find to be justified.People think that Tony Blair and George Bush are seeking revenge and probably have a hidden motive for this war. One of these could be that once the war is over, America will have to rebuild Iraq, when this is done, Iraq will then owe the U.S.A however much money they spent to rebuild Iraq. Iraq does not and will not have enough money to do this, so they will probably pay them with petroleum, as they are extremely rich in this source.There are three saying that have been used in protests against this war, The first isIncrease the peace make love not war.The second is,It is a war of hungry tiger and tied donkey (Ira q being the tied donkey)And the third is,Two wrongs dont make a rightEach of these sayings have a meaning behind them. The first one, I think, speaks for itself, is saying that whatever the situation, we should strive to achieve greater peace rather than retaliate or head for war as a resolution. The third saying tells us that you can not fight an injustice with an injustice, and quoting Martin Luther King,I truly believe that the eye for an eye method will ultimately leave everybody blind.Finally the second saying, this has the most meaning of the three as it shows that Iraqis have no choice but to fight, even though they will ultimately loose the war, no matter what they do, as they are too weak and they do not have the necessary equipment, soldiers or protection that they should if they were to stand a chance.There is one last very popular saying used in protests against war in Iraq,Not in my nameThis is a very powerful statement because as our leader and prime minister, Tony Bla ir should do as Great Britain wish, but by using this quote, they are saying that this war is not in our name and that he does not have the support of over 80% of the British population to go through and follow Bushs footsteps to war, he is doing what he wants to do but he is not fulfilling the wishes of Great Britain as a whole and so he is abusing his position and is not doing his job as he should be.Some people oppose the war because they do not want higher taxes, as this is what will happen when the war is over in order in order to afford the money rebuild Iraq. Others just do not agree with the suffering. For example one Iraqi man has lost eleven members of his family. Many children are malnourished and without families. Also, the body of an Iraqi baby was found on a main street and U.S troops give baby Muslims burials. For the few babies born since the war began, thousands have been killed. One particular boy called Ali Abbas was at home when a bomb went of very near by, his p arents and both of his brothers were killed, he himself was left without arms., Ali has become a bit of an icon of the suffering of Iraqis as he is one of thousands of children who have been injured and/or orphaned.Some disagree because it goes against general convention, the U.N did not want the war, and it goes against the rules of religion. Also they do not think that families should have been destroyed, due to the harm caused by some of the 2,000 lb TNTs or daisy cutter bombs, which have already killed over 24,000 people.Many people see it to be unnecessary for the U.S to have done some of the things they have, for example, they have bombed radio and TV stations in order to stop bias opinions being broadcast. They believe that the media lies, and that there are many innocent people that have been disabled, injured or even killed, and also that many women and children have been harmed both physically and emotionally, and some even mentally.However many families who have relatives in the war fear that they will become prisoners of war and be tortured on TV as other people and U.S troops have been.Logistical issues are all about tactics, problems, equipment, conditions and planning.Tactics were crucial in this war because in order for the U.S.A and the U.K to be successful, they had to think carefully about how they would overcome any obstacles that they could be faced with. They decided to do the following.They would stay in the deserts of Basra, and when Iraq were still not yet prepared the were going to slowly accelerate towards the centre of Baghdad, the capital city. On their route they would destroy anything that represented Saddam Husseins power such as portraits, statues, patches of land, houses or palaces or even his property. Once they are in Baghdad they will attempt to cease Saddam Hussein and his workers, in order to end the reign of Saddam Hussein and his evil ways.Some of the conditions that might cause problems for the troops are 24 hour sands torms which are also costly for the government who now have to fund for gas masks for each of the troops, these average out at around à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12 each.Also the extreme heat could cause some annoyance as it is estimated that 10% of troops that will die, will die from some sort of heat related death.There are quite a few problems that may occur for the soldiers. Some of these are listed here. Supplies are a major issue. Important substances such as petrol, food and water take a long time to get to the soldiers as the tanks can only travel 30 miles a day. This is because the lorries behind them cannot drive through soft terrain, therefore the tanks have to build makeshift roads that the lorries can handle, therefore slowing down the tanks and all of the supplies. Supplies can also be slowed down by the narrow roads in Iraq, which are too narrow for the tanks to fit through. This would mean that the tanks would have to turn back and take a different route, therefore delaying the supp lies. Also if sand gets in the weapons they will be destroyed and with the sandstorms, this is hard to prevent. Another problem is the Iraqi people, because at the end of this, when they have removed Saddam, if the Iraqi people will not stand up for themselves and join America in their campaign, then all of the money, effort and lives would have been wasted.Their plan was also very important as they had to make sure they had gained the trust of the Iraqis as the last attempt to overthrow Saddam, led by George Bush Senior, ended in failure as the U.S backed out of Iraq too early, this led to Saddam Hussein slaughtering and torturing the millions of Iraqi people who stood up against him.The allied forces have a great range of weapons which they will use. These not only consist of riffles and batons, but also of B52 bombers, tanks and many more. However these must not be used in the wrong way, for example one bomb was dropped in a market square in the centre of Baghdad, killing many in nocent civilians and injuring even more.The media has played a critical role in this war. They have kept us informed about the war every day. Sky news even cut off all normal news, adverts and programs to make itself a 24 hour news report channel on the war in Iraq. This would have cost Sky a lot of money because they get the majority of their profit from companies and their advertisements, or television producing organisations for their items.When it comes to the newspapers, there have only been two newspapers that have been blatantly against the war on Iraq. They are The mirror and The evening standard. These two newspapers both constantly been writing everything that went wrong ended with innocent deaths or injuries, in order to try to change the opinions of the members of the public who did not oppose the war.The sun has supported the war from the get go. They have, on the contrary of the other two papers, made frequent positive remarks and reports on the war, and have made excu ses for any negative stories.Apart from the three newspapers that I have mentioned above , all the other have been very unbiased and seemingly quite honest. Many program timetables have been altered to broadcast as much up-to-date information as frequently as possible. The radio have allocated four different radio stations to broadcast 24hour reports in Arabic, for the first two, and the other two are in English. Finally music channels like MTV have banned all songs and videos that contain anything war related such as Madonnas song American lifeThe media reports in Iraq have been minimal as the Americans destroyed the broadcasting building in an attempt to stop biased reports.I believe that this war is wrong because it is not a war of religions, beliefs or truth as we would be led to believe, but a war of politics, and limbs, lives and families should not be hurt, destroyed or lo0st, for politics.

Hiring Social Security Disability Attorneys Lawyers

Hiring Social Security Disability Attorneys Lawyers Don’t Hesitate to Hire a Social Security Disability Attorney From the Start Filing for Social Security Disability benefits can be complicated and time consuming. People often ask themselves, â€Å"Should I hire an experienced disability attorney?†It is never too early to have an experienced disability attorney help you navigate through the system. Those who have a qualified attorney handling their Social Security disability claim have a much higher chance of being approved for benefits. The wise choice when filing for Social Security Disability is to hire an attorney right from the start. They will handle many details required by Social Security, such as: Properly filling out all paperwork Documenting all medical treatment Choosing the proper onset date Reviewing medical records Requesting support from treating doctors, using specific forms created for that purposeIn short, great attorneys are preparing for the possibility of having to go before a judge from the very first day of representation.There are multiple documents to be completed througho ut the process of filing a disability claim. It is important to show a consistent picture from the start, rather than having the claimant say one thing during the first two stages, and the attorney say something different at the hearing stage. Inconsistencies can negatively impact or end in a claim denial.The process of filing for Social Security disability benefits is long and complicated and there are many seemingly insignificant factors that could derail a claim at any stage of the process.To improve your chances of winning disability benefits call Disability Attorneys of Michigan at 800-949-2900. The call is free. The consultation is free. No attorney fees are charged unless they win your claim.The Disability Attorneys of Michigan work hard every day helping the disabled of Michigan seek the disability benefits they need. If you are unable to work due to a physical or mental impairment, contact the Disability Attorneys of Michigan now for a free case consultation at 800-949- 290 0.Let Michigan’s Leading Social Security Disability Law Firm Help You Get The Benefits You Deserve.Disability Attorneys of Michigan. Compassionate Excellence.

Treaments of chronic pain

Treaments of chronic pain Free Online Research Papers Chronic Pain and the treatments of the Chronic Pain. What is pain? In the definition of Medical Terminology, the root word for pain is algia. So if you think of ailments the end with algia they are referring to something to do with pain(Brooks 2002). If you have ever had pain from a broken bone or surgery that is not the kind of pain I’m referring to. Stipulated by (Seeley, Stephens and Tate 2003) that is acute pain and as your body heals the pain gradually tends to go away. From the Southern Medical Journal the patient’s page by Betsy Allen, MA (2007) she says that chronic pain is totally different. Chronic pain according to an old Anatomy Physiology book that I have that was written by a combination of writers from Idaho State University is Rod Seeley and Trent Stephens and from Phoenix College is Philip Tate(2003) who states that their definition for pain is an important warning sign of a possible potential injurious conditions p476. The pain receptors are stimulated when tissue is injured. If the tissue that is injured heals the pain will go away p476. However, pain itself can be debilitating along with losing the value of providing information about the condition of the body (Stroud, Heapy, Higgins, and Sellinger 2006). Mentioned by the same team of authors the chronic pain that is being referred to as migraine headaches, localized facial pain, or back pain just to mention a few. But then there are AIDS patients, cancer patients, cardiac patients who all also suffer from chronic pain and the list goes on and on (Stroud, Heapy, Higgins, and Sellinger 2006). According to WebMD, the reason for chronic pain is not clear. When you have an injury or illness, certain nerves are affected that send pain impulses to the brain. The brain lets us know that we have pain but sometimes it is undetermined why we have pain, and it may take several types of treatments or combination of several treatments before you (Allen 2007) will actually feel any kind of relief however, people who suffer from chronic pain have become inactive therefore there strength, range of motion and flexibility are all effected but over time some treatments will actually decrease the pain level (Allen 2007). Also focused by (Allen 2007) states that People suffering from chronic pain often feel helpless and hopeless, and they may become dependent on drugs. Found in the ( Wikipedia encyclopedia 2007) says that often chronic pain cannot be cured, it can only be managed well enough to significantly improve the quality of life. So my focus for my paper is that there are a lot of people men and women, old and younger that do actually suffer from chronic pain. So I will state the facts of my findings of different treatments and medication regimen or both that will give relief to chronic pain suffers. Chronic pain is a disorder of the nervous system that persists for months or years and cannot be fully relieved by standard pain medications. It often includes burning, shooting, or shocking sensations (Glenn, Burns 2003). Chronic pain also may cause a problem called allodynia, in which people experience pain from stimuli that are not normally painful, such as a light touch or a breeze, or pain in places other than the area that is stimulated ( Taylor 2007). Also according to (Taylor 2007), there are many different kinds of chronic pain, including central pain, chronic regional pain syndrome (also called reflex sympathetic dystrophy), and peripheral neuropathy. Chronic back pain and conditions like arthritis, TMJ, bursitis, tendonitis, herniated disc, migraine headaches, sciatica, fibromyalgia, whiplash and carpal tunnel syndrome will set off a chain reaction of physical and mental side effects ( Heapy, Stroud. Higgins and Stellinger 2006). Most studies of chronic pain have focused on signals in the spinal cord and in the peripheral nerves, which carry pain messages from the limbs and other parts of the body to the spinal cord. However, recent studies have suggested that the brain not only receives pain signals from the spinal cord but also undergoes changes in neuronal connections that may permanently strengthen its reactions to those signals. Researchers believe these changes are key to the development of chronic pain. Depending on the condition and prognosis of the patient does the doctor determine will kind of treatment will be successful for relief of pain? Also to keep in mind that sometimes it’s a hit a miss type for the doctor until specific tests have been taken to determine what is the cause? (Briley 2004) The patient will ask the doctor for something for the pain. So if you stop and think about it part of the first treatment is conducted by the patient when he/she asks for some kind of medication to help with the pain. (Brown 2003) What is there perception about the pain? Where does it actually hurt? Is it inside the body or on the out side? The only way to really tell what is wrong is to take some tests: x ray or CT scan to determine what it may or may not be. A lot of times they have to look a little deeper. In that case you would need an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) that will give a clearer picture of the injury or possible disease (Brooks 2002). Sometimes it is necessary to inject a dye into the vein to emphasize the area that is causing the pain (Brooks 2002). However, there are lots more but that is another topic. The tests such as: X-rays, CT scan and MRI are just the basics for determining what may be the problem. The doctor may start you out with an anti-inflammatory drug such as: acetaminophen or aspirin, Motrin or ibuprofen, or naproxen (Aleve) to help those with pain, these simple analgesics can help control chronic pain when taken on a regular basis as said from before chronic pain is different in that it persists( Healthscout.com 2007 p1) To deal with Mild pain its best to use acetaminophen or NSAID such as ibuprofen. Mild to Moderate pain its best to use NSAID and a weak opioid such as codeine or darvocet (Stanos 2007). Then of course, for Moderate to Severe pain first line choice is Morphine which is considered the gold standard (Wikipedia 2007). Second line is Oxycodone, Fentanyl in the form of a transdermal patch which has been designed for chronic pain management. Heat therapy is useful for back spasms or other conditions. Some patients find that moist heat works best (Healthscout.com 2007 p2). Physical therapy and exercise, including stretching and strengthening (with specific focus on the muscles which support the spine ( Wikipedia 2007). Manipulation, Acupuncture, and Acupressure which is only done by a licensed Chiropractor, Osteopath, Physical therapist or a Physiatrist (Brooks 2002) which are some of the methods to help relieve pain without drugs. The deep heat ultrasound, and massage therapy is on the up rise for therapy but still does not cure chronic pain. In conclusion the young and old suffer from chronic pain and it may start from acute pain but the longer you have to live with this pain the more it effects the mind and how the pain receptors continue to fire at a faster rate. Medication may slow down the pain receptors but does it actually help with the pain? Physical therapy will relieve the muscles that are affected. However, the strengthening, stretching is best for pain. Dad always said â€Å"no pain no gain†. I have been suffering with chronic pain for 18 years and I did this paper on chronic pain and the treatments to see if the doctors have done everything possible to help with my pain. I have deteriorative disk disease, sciatica in both legs, osteoporosis, and arthritis. I have had two back surgeries and many different procedures. There was physical therapy, chiropractors and lots of different pills, from pain killers, anti-inflammatory, muscle relaxants. Nothing seems to work to the point of tolerance of maybe a normal or semi-pain free life. However, I can say that the combination of several of the different variables makes the pain I experience on a daily basis is tolerable without drug addiction. I do everything for myself but in my time. I learned how to adapt and do things without lifting and bending over. Reference List Allen, Betsy The management of chronic pain. Southern Medical Journal: The Patients Page chronic noncancer pain in the primary care setting). October 2007. [Anonymous]. (2007). Chronic pain syndrome-symptoms, treatment and prevention .Retrieved November 21, 2007, from the World Wide Web: healthscout.com/ency/68/629/main.html [Anonymous]. (2007). Pain management health center Retrieved November 21, 2007, from the the World Wide Web: webmd.com/pain-management/tc/chronic-pain-treatment-overview?print=true Briley M. Clinical experience with dual action antidepressants in different chronic pain syndromes. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical Experimental [serial online]. October 2004; 19:S21-S25. Available from: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 13, 2007. Brooks, Myrna LaFleur R.N., (Ed) Exploring Medical Language Fifth Edition.(2002) Gateway Community College Phoenix, AZ. Mosby Publishing. An Affiliate of Elsevier Science St. Louis, London, Philadelphia, Sydney and Totonto. Brown C. Service user’s and occupational therapists’ beliefs about effective treatments for chronic pain: a meeting of the minds or the great divide?. Disability Rehabilitation [serial online]. October 07, 2003; 25(19):1115. Available From: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 13, 2007. Carlson, Neil R. (Ed.) (2008) Foundations of Physiological Psychology Seventh Edition Boston: Allyn Bacon. Glenn B, Burns J. Pain Self-Management in the Process and Outcome of Multidisciplinary Treatment of Chronic Pain: Evaluation of a Stage of Change Model. Journal of Behavioral Medicine [serial online]. October 2003; 26(5):417. Available from: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 13, 2007. Heapy A, Stroud M, Higgins D, Sellinger J. Tailoring cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain: A case example. Journal of Clinical Psychology [serial online]. November 2006; 62(11):1345-1354. Available from: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 13, 2007. Stanos, S. Appropriate use of opioid analgesics in chronic pain. Journal of Family Practice [serial online]. February 2007; 56:23-32. Available from: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 13, 2007. Seeley, Rod R., Stephens, Trent D., Tate, Philip (2003). Anatomy Physiology, Sixth Edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education New York, NY. P. 477-490. Taylor, Suzanne. Chronic pain: Nursing Standard; June 13, 2007, Vol. 21 Issue 40, p59-59, 1p [serial online]. Familydoctor.org. A letter to the editor. Accessed November 13, 2007. Research Papers on Treaments of chronic painPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Capital PunishmentGenetic EngineeringThe Fifth HorsemanThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsResearch Process Part OneThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseMind TravelMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Infosys Ltd Essays

Infosys Ltd Essays Infosys Ltd Essay Infosys Ltd Essay Infosys Limited (NYSE: INFY) was started in 1981 by  seven people with US$ 250. Today, we are a global leader in consulting, technology and outsourcing with revenues of US$ 7. 231 billion (LTM Q3 FY13). Many of the world’s most successful organizations rely on Infosys to deliver measurable business value. Infosys provides business consulting, technology, engineering and outsourcing services to help clients in over 30 countries build tomorrow’s enterprise. Our award:  To set standards in our business and transactions and be an exemplar for the industry and ourselves Integrity and Transparency:  To be ethical, sincere and open in all our transactions Fairness:  To be objective and transaction-oriented, and thereby earn trust and respect Excellence:  To strive relentlessly, constantly improve ourselves, our teams, our services and products to become the best pic] BUSINESS EXCELLENCE Business Excellence, as described by the European Foundation for Quality Manageme nt (EFQM), refers to;†Outstanding practices in managing the organization and achieving results, all based on a set of eight fundamental concepts†, these being, â€Å"results orientation; customer focus; leadership and constancy of purpose; management by processes and facts; people development and involvement; continuous learning, innovation and improvement; partnership development; and public responsibility†. This definition serves as a typical example of those put forward today.In general, business excellence models have been developed by national bodies as a basis for award programmes. For most of these bodies, the awards themselves are secondary in importance to the wide-spread take up of the concepts of business excellence, which ultimately lead to improved national economic performance. By far the majority of organizations that use these models do so for self-assessment, by which they can identify improvement opportunities, areas of strength, and use the mode l as a framework for future organizational development.Users of the EFQM Excellence Model, for instance, do so for the following purposes: [pic] When used as a basis for an organization’s improvement culture, the business excellence ‘criteria’ within the models broadly channel and encourage the use of  best practices  into areas where their effect will be most beneficial to performance. When used simply for self-assessment the criteria can clearly identify strong and weak areas of management practice so that tools such as  benchmarking  can be used to identify  best-practice to enable the gaps to be closed.These critical links between business excellence models, best practice, and benchmarking are fundamental to the success of the models as tools of continuous improvement. The most popular and influential model in the western world is the one launched by the US government called the Malcolm Baldrige Award Model (also commonly known as the Baldrige model , the Baldrige criteria, or The Criteria for Performance Excellence). More than 60 national and state/regional awards base their frameworks upon the Baldrige criteria. New Business Excellence (NBX) for Property Casualty (P C) Commercial Lines Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of underwriting and related business processes is critical to profitable growth. Infosys New Business Excellence (NBX) solution for P ; C enables commercial lines carriers to revamp new business processes and leverage technology. NBX helps carriers improve their operational efficiency and makes underwriting more effective by making it data driven, thus creating a robust platform for sustained rofitable growth. Legacy IT systems and traditional manual paper-intensive workflow prevent efficient integration of information across the enterprise for many commercial lines carriers. As a result, they have to spend time and money on underwriting even routine flow type risks. Our NBX solution is an integrated framework which transforms the whole new business submission process for commercial lines carriers. It is based on four core concepts, which allow integration of new business applications and enable: Capturing and converting content to electronic form Use of rules engines for analysis and predictive modeling Integrated workflow management Integrated data exchange with common user interface NBX enables: Complete automation of the underwriting process of flow business, e. g. commoditized products like Business Owners Package Systematic processing of some of the transaction business e. g. complex risks like commercial liability by simulating underwriter decisions through rules engines.It means only the highly complicated risk selection scenarios are routed as exceptions for manual underwriting. [pic] The impact of each activity in the underwriting value-chain: [pic] |Infosys bags CII-Exim Bank Award for Business Excellence  news | | |[pic] | Infosys Technologies has been declar ed the winner of the CII-Exim Bank Award for Business Excellence 2002, becoming the first software services company to win this prestigious honour.The award acknowledges Infosys excellence in Total Quality Management in the following areas: leadership, policy and strategy; people, customer-driven processes, partnerships, corporate citizenship and performance in creating value for all its stakeholders (customers, shareholders, employees, partners and the society at large). The Confederation of Indian Industry and the Export Import Bank of India jointly instituted the CII-EXIM Bank Award for Business Excellence in 1994. It is today recognized as one of the most prestigious awards in India for business excellence.The rigorous process of assessment, lasting six months, follows the Business Excellence Model based on the European model for Total Quality Management, a global benchmark. Announcing the award during the 10th Quality Summit, CII deputy director general N Srinivasan said: The m embers of the jury are very pleased to award this trophy to a company that has become a role model for its value-based leadership, exemplary corporate governance, best-in-class processes, caring and development of people, commendable wealth creation, and delivery of world-class products and services. Acknowledging the award, Infosys Technologies chairman and chief mentor N R Narayana Murthy said: The 13,000-strong family of Info scions and the Infosys Foundation are very honored to have been conferred this award. I am very thankful to CII and the Exim Bank for having partnered with us in our journey to excellence. This award is a great honor for Infosys and recognizes our passion for excellence. At Infosys, it is our mission to continuously strive to set higher standards.The CII assessment takes a holistic view of excellence, fosters integration and promotes a uniform understanding of improvement strategies and opportunities. The review and feedback process has been a great learni ng experience and we look forward to sharing our journey with other corporations, says K Dinesh, member of the board and director (quality, HR and IS) Infosys Technologies, while presenting the Infosys journey at the Quality Summit. Leading the software services industry, Infosys is placed with previous eminent winners from the manufacturing sector in India such as Hewlett Packard, Maruti Udyog and Tata Steel.Reputed global corporations in Europe who have received awards based on this model include Rank Xerox, Ericsson, IBM, Texas Instruments, British Telecom and TNT. New business process is a key Infosys’ view is that new business processing is most significant time and cost area for carriers. From this application emerges a solution concept that is based on four core principles that tightly that integrates a carrier’s new business applications and enable straight through processing with minimum manual operations and hand offs.Infosys’s integrated approach to u nderwriting address various shortcomings of current state 1. Capturing and converting content to electronic form 2. Integrated workflow management 3. Integrated data exchange with common user interface 4. Business rules engines and analytics for better risk profiling BENEFITS OF THE NEW APPROACH 1. Profitable growth 2. Operational efficiency 3. Underwriting effectiveness 4. Employee and channel productivity

The History of the Computer Mouse

The History of the Computer Mouse It was technology visionary and inventor Douglas Engelbart (January 30, 1925  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ July 2, 2013) who revolutionized the way computers worked, turning it from a piece of specialized machinery that only a trained scientist could use to a user-friendly tool that almost anyone can work with. During his lifetime, he invented or contributed to several interactive and user-friendly devices such as the computer mouse, Windows operating system, computer video  teleconferencing, hypermedia,  groupware,  email, the  Internet  and much more. Making Computing Less Cumbersome Most of all, though, he was known for inventing the computer mouse. Engelbart conceived of the rudimentary mouse while attending a conference on computer graphics, where he started thinking about how to improve interactive computing. In the early days of computing, users typed codes and commands to make things happen on monitors. Engelbart thought an easier way was to link the computer’s cursor to a device with two wheels- one horizontal and one vertical. Moving the device on a horizontal surface would allow the user to position the cursor on the screen. Engelbart’s collaborator on the mouse project  Bill English built a prototype- a hand-held device carved out of wood, with a button on the top. In 1967, Engelbart’s company SRI filed for the  patent on the mouse, although the paperwork identified it a little differently as x,y position indicator for a display system. The patent was awarded in 1970. Computer Mice Hits the Market Before long, computers designed to work with a mouse were released. Among the first was the Xerox Alto, which went on sale in 1973. A team at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich liked the concept as well and built their own computer system with a mouse called the  Lilith computer, sold from 1978 to 1980. Perhaps thinking they were on to something, Xerox soon followed up with  the  Xerox 8010, which featured a mouse, ethernet networking and e-mail among various innovative technologies that have since become standard.   Ã‚   But it wasnt until  1983  that the mouse started to go mainstream. It was that year that Microsoft updated the MS-DOS program Microsoft Word to make it mouse-compatible and developed the first PC-compatible mouse.  Computer manufacturers such as Apple, Atari and Commodore would all follow suit by debuting mouse compatible systems as well.    Tracking Ball and Other Advancements Like other present forms of computer technology, the mouse has evolved significantly. In 1972, English developed the â€Å"track ball mouse† that allowed users to control the cursor by rotating a ball from a fixed position. One interesting enhancement is technology that enables wireless devices, a fact that makes Engelbarts recollection of an early prototype almost quaint. We turned it around so the tail came out the top. We started with it going the other direction, but the cord got tangled when you moved your arm, he said.   For an inventor who grew up on the outskirts of Portland, Oregon and had hoped his achievements would add to the collective intelligence of the world, the mouse has come a long way. It would be wonderful,† he said, â€Å"if I can inspire others, who are struggling to realize their dreams, to say if this country kid could do it, let me keep slogging away.

The 15 Worst Mistakes You Can Make in Your 20s

The 15 Worst Mistakes You Can Make in Your 20s Your 20s are a strange time in your life. It’s a period of transition, adjustment, discovery and lots of cat videos. You might be wrapping up your degree, searching for an entry level job or working your way towards becoming a professional napper. Whatever the case may be, we all know how crucial our 20s can be in terms of developing our foothold in this world. That being said, here are the 15 WORST mistakes you can make in your 20s. You’ll be happy to know, watching funny cat videos is not one of them.  Source [businesinsider]

History, The Versailles Peace Treaty of 1919 Essay

History, The Versailles Peace Treaty of 1919 - Essay Example Nicolson, who was a member of the British delegation to the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, offers an important view of the peace process that resulted in the Versailles Peace Treaty of 1919. Significantly, the author deals with the transitional phase between pre-war and post-war diplomacy and throws some light on the Paris Peace Conference. In the book, Nicolson presents his theses in the background of his memory concerning those congested days and offers a convincing explanation of the major consequences of the peace treaty. His main thesis of the book is that â€Å"Given the atmosphere of the time, given the passions aroused in all democracies by four years of war, it would have been impossible even for supermen to devise a peace of moderation and righteousness†¦ All that I hope to suggest is that human error is a permanent and not a periodic factor in history, and that future negotiators will be exposed, however noble their intentions, to futilities of intention and omissio n as grave as any which characterized the Council Five.† (Nicolson, 2001. P. 7-8). Therefore, the recollections of the British diplomat Nicolson in the form of the book Peacemaking 1919 has great relevance in realizing the consequences of the Versailles Peace Treaty of 1919. Similarly, the legendary economist of the 20th century, Maynard John Keynes, offers an essential treatise of social science in the book The Economic Consequences of the Peace. This paper makes a reflective exploration of these two important books about the Versailles Peace Treaty of 1919 in order to summarize the major arguments of the works, placing the works within the historical context of the period in which they were written. The Economic Consequences of the Peace by the legendary economist John Maynard Keynes is generally regarded as the most influential social science treatise of the 20th century, and this

The Five Aspects of Fitness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Five Aspects of Fitness - Essay Example The world is very conscious of itself. People want to be looking good, feeling good, doing good and being overall happy. Happiness is the basis of everything. Whatever one does, whether it is earning a million bucks or working for a charity, it is only to satisfy one's inner yearning for happiness. Being happy is a relative term, and poses a different implication for everyone. Physical fitness is the first and foremost aspect of fitness occupying the lives of the world-conscious people today. Everyone wants to attain a lean and toned body, much like that of the model in the nearest fashion magazine available. Various organizations cash in on this very desperation engulfing the people. Many proclaim medications guaranteed to make one lose weight instantly, while others propogate various techniques involving absurd methods to attain weight loss. Some might even benefit from these, but mostly these means are mare gimmicks. The tried and trusted age-old approach remains exercise and regulation of one's diet. No pain, no gain! And there is absolutely nothing like instant weight loss. As the body adapts to more exercise and low fat diet, it takes up nutrition from the already present fat reserve in the body, thereby depleting that source and attaining loss of weight and inches. However, this only happens over a period of few months.

The Big Brother Metaphor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Big Brother Metaphor - Essay Example A big brother is to be the representative of the parents in regulating the actions of his siblings to avoid any wrongdoing being committed or any harm befalling them. In the family set-up, the big brother's role goes into action in the absence of the parents. In most cases, big brothers provide protection to their siblings and are always on the watch. In order for them to provide security and protection to their siblings, they would have to be in constant surveillance. They monitor the actions and the whereabouts of their siblings as part of their responsibilities being the eldest male sibling. Thus, a big brother metaphor pertains to the characteristics of a concept which is similar to the actions or roles of the familial big brother at home. Any action involving the same functions or tasks of the eldest male sibling in terms of regulating and monitoring the actions of his other siblings, can be referred to as a big brother metaphor. Surveillance or the monitoring of the actions, responses and reactions of people is considered a big brother metaphor as the purpose of observing people is to check and regulate actions, attitudes and behaviors, as well as to apprehend those who have opposed the set rules and conditions. This surveillance exists in practically all the fields of society in various degrees and magnitude. It exists in politics or government, in public and private corporations, in public utility venues, in schools, in malls and supermarkets and at home. The degree of monitoring varies because of the different purposes and reasons behind the surveillance. The specific purposes or goals may be different, but the general aim is to capture data and images at instances when the targets or those who are monitored are the least suspecting. These instances provide the most natural reactions and tendencies of people which could give way to their true intentions and attitudes. These captured or gathered data and images serve as the basis for formulating means of evaluation or further control. The big brother metaphor is a model for decreasing the privacy of a person or an entity. The invasion of privacy issue or the rights of a person to privacy is an adversary of the big brother concept. In the concept of the big brother metaphor, surveillance is oftentimes done in secrecy to catch the person off-guard or to eliminate any kind of defense. The gathering of information is oftentimes without the knowledge of the person being checked. The person may contest that his or her privacy has been trespassed but privacy laws have excluded certain industries or entities from liabilities. Companies may conduct background checks on newly hired employees, problematic employees, up-for-promotion employees and even those who have or are planning to resign. These background checks serve as a security for the companies in case of future problems arising from the employment of a person, and they serve as bases for hiring or maintaining employees whose personal data are acceptable to the stan dards of the company. The big brother metaphor is also very crucial in the prevention of crimes, with the help of technology. Surveillance through equipment like video cameras, microphones, bugs and audio recorders among others, are important means of crime prevention. Satellites and other more sophisticated technology aid the

Using two historically different product design examples examine how Essay

Using two historically different product design examples examine how design has contrubuted to a particular stereotyping of Nature - Essay Example Designers are the translators of technological concepts and prototypes into marketable products. All types of products from foodstuffs to houses and landscapes; have undergone some kind of design. In fact design is the new engine of modern consumerism. First developed by Raymond Lowley, and later developed by US Government psychology â€Å"think tanks† such as Edward Berneys, in the 1930s to enable USA to experience economic growth; consumerism was a fundamental paradigm shift from product durability to product ephemerality. Ephemeral products are short lived thus encouraging people to go out and buy the â€Å"modern†, â€Å"latest†, â€Å"in vogue† or simply â€Å"new† products, while constantly disposing of old ones, Raizman, D (2003). The emergence and development of computers played a crucial role in the new culture of consumerism. As this culture grew; and played a key expediency role for government, encouraging people to concentrate on consumption, thus leaving the important role of running the state to the politicians from the 1950s onwards; computer design became its key component. With the advent of television in the 1960s, consumerism went global and thus dictated the way of life worldwide. Through advertising, television became a conduit of international communication and consumer culture. Guy Julier (2007) notes that design is currently dominated by the belief that the identity of the consumer is defined by the products they buy. Consumerism is undoubtedly well rooted in societal culture. Computer design soon took on aesthetics and ergonomics, which today dominate hypermarket shelves, glossy magazine covers, shop windows and homes. Claudia Dona (1980) noted that the world is overflowing with our own creations which besiege us and often distance us from one another physically and mentally. There is a social distance, which seems physical, between those who drive a certain design of car and those who don’t, even

Anglo and Afro- American Folk Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Anglo and Afro- American Folk Music - Essay Example In those days American folklore was intricately associated with politics and the Almanacs were preceded by the likes of The Collective, which was a group bent upon revolutionizing the world of music through their songs of protest. However, the Collectives were not very successful in their endeavor (Dunaway,1). The Almanacs barely completed two years and had recorded only about three dozen songs yet each song gained immense popularity. Like the Collectives, the Almanacs followed the political cue. In fact, today they are hailed as one of the pioneers of protest –singing of the 960s. The group started in 1940 when Pete Seeger, Millard Lampell and Lee Hays came together. Pete Seeger and Lee Hays had already started singing at political parties organized by the left front. The name â€Å"Almanac† was selected since in rural areas the Bible and the Almanac was found in all homes and the latter helped people get through this worldly life. One can barely keep away politics when it comes to discussing the great works produced by the group. So basically, much of the collection of songs of the groups were inspired by politics and in most cases reflected political standing of the times. The group advocated isolationism, which was rendered as a moot especially after the Pearl Harbor. The songs sung by the Almanacs such as â€Å"Which Side are you on† written by Florence Reece or â€Å"Solidarity Forever† which later became the anthem of the U.S. Labor Movement and numerous other songs inspired emerging and free-thinking musicians and gypsies. The impact of their intense passion and unity inspires songwriters and singers even today. Even though the Almanacs themselves did not belong to the working class; most of their songs were aimed at the working class. All the members of the Almanac were associated with left front politics and all their functions and public events were aimed at luring people to join

Poverty in an Era of Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Poverty in an Era of Globalization - Essay Example Seeking to explore poverty and malnutrition across the globe through an analysis of the political and economic situation in Somalia, one of Africa’s poorest countries, this essay will show the linkages between poverty and political instability. Accordingly, this essay will show that political instability perpetuates economic stagnation in Somalia and any attempts to resolve the poverty crisis in the region must address the political causes behind underdevelopment. Underdevelopment breeds poverty in Somalia which is demonstrated through widespread malnutrition, low life expectancies and poor rankings in a variety of indicators of overall health (Spencer 2008). Seeking to explore poverty and malnutrition in Sub Saharan Africa through an analysis of the political and economic situation in Somalia, one of Africa’s poorest countries, this essay will show the linkages between poverty and political instability in an era of globalization. Accordingly, this essay will show that political instability perpetuates economic stagnation in Somalia and any attempts to resolve the poverty crisis in the region must address the political causes behind underdevelopment. Underdevelopment breeds poverty in Somalia which is demonstrated through widespread malnutrition, low life expectancies and poor rankings in a variety of indicators of overall health (Pretty 1999; Spencer 2008). Aiming to address the linkages between underdevelopment characterized by malnutrition and poverty and political instability, this essay will explore the relationship between these two diverse, although seemingly interdependent phenomena. Does poverty breed political instability? Are poor countries more prone to political violence and insecurity? What good is the democracy if people remain poor?

International marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

International marketing - Essay Example companies, in particular, are increasingly going global to ease competition pressure in the domestic market and to explore new market opportunities for growth. Pig meat is one of the agricultural products that are produced in large quantities in the U.K. Statistics show that the production of pig meat has been increasing every year in the country. Unfortunately, the production appears to outweigh the demand available considering that a section of the U.K. citizens does not eat pork because of cultural issues. Accordingly, the low demand for pig meat has been affecting most farmers negatively because it results in losses for farmers as they are forced to lower their prices because of the low demand. In March 2015, the U.K pig meat production totaled 69,300 tons, accounting for about 5% increase compared to the same March 2014 (Pig World 2015). The high production of pig meat experienced in recent months has resulted in a huge drop in prices. Therefore, the best way to save the U.K. pig farmers is perhaps to look for new market opportunities in the global market where the demand for pig meat is high. China will be the right target market for the U.K. surplus pig meat. This is because of the high demand for pork in China. Studies show that China is the worlds leading consumer of pork, which accounts for more than three-quarter of the meat consumed in the country. Currently, each Chinese consume an average of 84 pounds of pork every year (Hoffman 2014). The high consumption of pork is attributed to the fact that pork is the meat of choice among Chinese people. In fact, pork consumption in China is projected to reach more than 70 million tons by 2017(Larsen 2012). Accordingly, this makes China a lucrative market for expansion for U.K. pig farmers. Considering that China is also the most populous county in the world with more than 1.3 billion people, who eat pork, this is certainly a lucrative pork market that must be exploited by the U.K. pig meat producers who

The Success and Failures of Diversification Strategies Essay

The Success and Failures of Diversification Strategies - Essay Example From the study it is clear that in order to examine the corporate strategy of diversification, it is important to gain an understanding of the concept. Looking at the theories and types of diversification potentials allow for a developed knowledge of this business strategy. As well, looking at firms who have diversified and the eventual results will further the investigation. Specific examinations of General Electric and Berkshire Hathaway in comparison with Tesco, HSBC, and Vodafone will allow for examples of diversified interests to reveal how these strategies are successful or without success.As the discussion stresses  DuPont is considered the leading pioneer of diversification. The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 in the United States limited the ability of a corporation to grow through acquisitions and mergers. In 1916 DuPont became the target of an investigation that was pivotal in the future of the strategy of diversification. DuPont, however, did continue to grow through the additions of  chemicals and paints to its gunpowder. The Cellar-Kefauver Act of 1950 made it more difficult to achieve vertical and horizontal integration, thus promoting more diversifications that were the beginnings of the conglomerations. New tariff policies that grew through the 20th century also encouraged companies to turn to diversifications strategies in order to compete with foreign imports that were cheaper and impeded the progress of companies that depended on the products that were not available.

Soccer injury Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Soccer injury - Essay Example I was lost into recapitulating the painful moments when I had gained the injury when suddenly I heard the phone ring again, â€Å"trrrrang . trrrrrang†. With my left hand, I picked the phone up. The screen showed Martha, the maid. â€Å"Yes, it should have been her. What did mama pay her for if she did not do the service now? O yes, may be I can avail this opportunity to ask Martha if mama and papa have been told about the incident,† I thought. The air was wet. The fog had clouded the air. The sky was white. I could not see across two feet of the radius of the circle of which, I made the center. I could not feel my nose. It was chilled and red just like the pores of my fingers. My hands had gone numb. I extended my hand towards the tip of my nose to touch it. At one point, my hand would not go further. But it had still not reached its destination. My nose kept waiting for the finger tip to approach it, but it never did. I had no mirror around me to see what had happened . â€Å"Find it, find it†, I ordered my finger tip. The tip was trying its best to obey me, but it finally gave away after trying for long. I had dropped my arm. I again extended the tip of my finger towards the tip of my nose. ... In a matter of five minutes, I was standing in front of my dressing table in my room. â€Å"Ahhhhhh †¦ hahaha†, I screamed with joy and excitement. Both my nose and finger were perfectly fine, and my finger was resting over my nose. Soon, I began to feel the two as well. The warmth of my room had reactivated the sensory cells in both the organs. The redness faded and the sensation enhanced. The unbearable cold outside had made me so numb that I could neither feel my nose nor my finger tip when the latter pressed against the former while I was out. â€Å"It must be freezing cold today,† I realized. I walked past the kitchen and appeared into the gallery to read the temperature that my thermometer hung in the open displayed. It was -4 degree centigrade. Now I exactly knew why my finger was not approaching my nose tip. â€Å"It is going to be an extremely tough match today,† I thought. The match was due by 10 am. And the clock showed half past 7. There were two hours for the match to approach. I was all set to show how talented I was in the match. I had been a loser for long. My team had lost three matches in a row because of my poor performance. Everybody said that I did not practice sufficiently, and so did I feel about myself. Last time, though I had not displayed extremely nice performance, yet it had been way better than what it had been in the first too matches, and it was too much practice that had improved my performance, yet the practice was not enough to make me win the match. Since the time I had lost the third match, I had practiced just too much. I imparted major part of my daily routine to practice. I really felt that I had matured as a